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OCR: their councillors meet more once a year - once a fortnight is the norm. Nevertheless, most observers regard con- tract cities as a financial success. Per capita cricket team. provoked in South Afri spending for basic city services by contract cities is less than half the level of their recent psychological as the fast bowler Devon with annexation soon followed the Lake and UK local authorities. These full-service counterparts. Yet crime rates by tour manager Raym ke Lake- wood lead. In 1967 the California Contract are low and quality of life is at least as good Mingworth and coach Were at Cities Association was established and by iplete versus partial and multiple as in service cities Lever raises motivation 1970 there were 32 contract cities. Today 116 ting. UK local authorities often con This explains uhy an increasing number which are relevant to n ict chy In of California's nearly 500 cities are contractr an entire service with one supplier. of full-service cries now take contracting business managers. ze between cities. A new form of local government haist cities regularly contract out either seriously, The contract city model also This weekend it was ents, Lake been created, known as the "Lakewoo a function, reta thing some in-house enables small communities to control their early to tell whether ged city but services without losing the economies of Illingworth's carlier co ly for its ser- Plan". The Lakewood Pfan has changed toplier. This is biers of relying on The Lakewood Ffan has changed ov plier. This is biters ity or they contact with more than scale of large organisations. that Malcolm had been n'a test bowler. @ !! od contracted This point should have informed the gu: the that he was =" public works, in cricketing toras apa fessional ser- exclusivity with the county, 0 ft also wholy supplier. variety of suppliers, from the private cibility. Lakew variety of suppliers, from the private cibility. Lakew cause they want tag rent reorganisation of UK local governgipa- Unfortunately, the government's prescially his pace, had provoked needed return to form fo established to West Indian born Englar services with voluntary sectors as well as The cog be more flexible Some have also set up in-Louise comes, For example. kona wwas with structures, e should God-style contr Psther the two-tier strug authorities. While sceptical of what e services. than their UK is usually pei iced by a system of units called a "dinosaur" lead able to estab- culture, however, mana t did not have viders. Lakewood usry city stall s, trimming, parking of any is tak nd a contract w experts were careful not competition fr they may have missed starating structure front the way ser- that normally financial and pery proach, offer employs around 1; to play games ssible to tern W provided og make local government dismiss the "Illytollah's David Whittaker, forn the early years England hockey player a three staff: an Atice. senior consultant 4EiTh Great Britain coach whi d a secretary. resident populati , PCs s agains Jonene There are fmby BT. Charps Ir conscives. ficoits pur seco A.ondon. He spent 199495 Performance Consultant reas threatened between contractnevy basis the Olympic athlete Da MBAUDI real-time gas for data sent are te in Los Angeles, and Hemery and racing drie chmark ij CHABIA kæ e-mail and te book of contractiny John Whitmore, says Ch how much households surprise for him hashs "lar that CE &, penalising them, are public nature of freract negotiati AZAMan, SE "kely to take the ulti- if necessary than are times dee Chen in to inch ICA with Mont central housing words are spoth, but the rather than one designed to protect allowed A question A wwVier the directors pervor mer is Rady to heal the interests of departments. pain of this yub CHAD local governo ETHIOPIA All the chuctive data have stry ng messap"" The change in managerial struc- been made - wamiable. Sport and bosiness ge identical is phy Dos sa 14 ture was implemented last year. ment. humans taffe high ual ny According to Jeremy Fraser, the Devolution d the ENDIAN performan the Istes council's leader: "We had to balance most dramatic Sitime mbebr una time fx the budget and decide quality came housing depart 5 service Wungjoann Kinder end before protecting staff. That meant divided into 1% ZAIRE 993. While the tuchuck stayed in (for example in de Hopi we had to break up the managerial offices, with" after the old, the print Ka5 successful salesmany. Sport a particularly mits. system, which was based upon ser- forums formed into a separare proce associ pencil Thit tad 1 celaphar these days, ad must vice delivery. It looked at depart Mpart- ments. It didn't look at clients prova set targetk Whiztalet because mot ment against contractors. We had to 's typlay "intrinsic". Puoi as popular as a% le the empower a lot of middle managers a "right chdet vapores fect rent arrests si Ciel role-playing Kar time Gemstone lot further down the line." digit then companle tract The resulting changes, imple- They lor able to bod out Ses. Simutronico ervice mented with cross-party support savings difes as they are allowed to keep half 1 LA players and happy pex of rich rwards after the last local elections, apt promotion -the e removed a quarter of the senior any funds they raise beyond th MA is st he com- an its this Ir Already ing fro Yotrasic" motivan's management structure and halved targets to put towards long-ter oth. the bor- 3% - managers mid tion to the number of chief officers, from 10 arrears ollection. The borougini aff and to five, saving about Elm from the d'rector d' housing's job is merely www .ate in Lone shost evic- icording to por ways to bring Coomber, local tuuants' associa- port is DAS thes their staff. Hence hority" annual pay-roll - a benefit which b provide the monitoring and set obasis on encour ponal developme ps to being a chief exec riz to make peo it themselves. Avid Moore, m Rector of The Re Artnership, a Lo security wards and the London onsultancy, beli Ambulana Service talked about seem [ a company's unteresy empowerment is their workng wardrobes. As I their work stamp @ any such expressif y. With this chol but he concedes watched the. rigid approach" their uniforms tell us about how creativity. necessary at so tand fade them stand up bloeird, employees would ty the depury their creative thets mm company's evol prontaloty think there is way. The drive usually exter